Perspectival realism claims that scientific knowledge is always situated into a vantage point. We argue that ecological psychology offers a suitable framework to develop perspectival epistemologies. Ecological psychology stresses that perception is focused on affordances, i.e. the possibilities of interactions afforded by reality given the abilities of an organism. We call the integrating view as ecological perspectivism. It claims that science offers knowledge of reality in terms of affordances, which are relational to the instruments and abilities of scientific communities. Cognition is of affordances, and what a domain affords for scientists depends on which skills and technologies they avail. We connect this proposal with the main arguments for perspectivism. First, regarding instrumental detections, ecological perspectivism offers a realist account of perception that treats the use of instruments as tools that scaffold and extend embodied cognition. Second, regarding model pluralism, ecological perspectivism supports an artifactualist account of modelling as embodied cognition extended by tools. Such tools can be representational by receiving semantic interpretations that associate them with targets through the use of linguistic skills. Third, we promote Michella Massimi’s account of Natural Kinds with a Human Face. It treats kinds as open-ended groupings of phenomena that salient nomological dependencies. However, ecological perspectivism suggests that the realist content of scientific perspectives must be cashed out in terms of affordances, thereby reinterpreting the metaphysical notion of ‘phenomena’.

Docente de Filosofia, Eros Moreira de Carvalho aponta que, em seu descaso em relação à verdade e à vida comum, o pós-negacionista não se preocupa em legitimar suas dúvidas sob a roupagem da racionalidade sensata

In this note we develop a new technique for parameter estimation of univariate time series by means of a parametric copula approach. The proposed methodology is based on a relationship between a process’ covariance decay and parametric bivariate copulas associated to lagged variables. This relationship provides a way for estimating parameters that are identifiable through the process’ covariance decay, such as in long range dependent processes. We provide a rigorous asymptotic theory for the proposed estimator. We also present a Monte Carlo simulation study to asses the finite sample performance of the proposed estimator.

In this work we introduce the class of Unit-Weibull Autoregressive Moving Average models for continuous random variables taking values in (0, 1). The proposed model is an observation driven one, for which, conditionally on a set of covariates and the process’ history, the random component is assumed to follow a Unit-Weibull distribution parameterized through its $$\rho $$th quantile. The systematic component prescribes an ARMA-like structure to model the conditional $$\rho $$th quantile by means of a link. Parameter estimation in the proposed model is performed using partial maximum likelihood, for which we provide closed formulas for the score vector and partial information matrix. We also discuss some inferential tools, such as the construction of confidence intervals, hypotheses testing, model selection, and forecasting. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to assess the finite sample performance of the proposed partial maximum likelihood approach. Finally, we examine the prediction power by contrasting our method with others in the literature using the Manufacturing Capacity Utilization from the US.

Aplicações e dispositivos de inteligência artificial são cada vez mais comuns na área da saúde. Robôs que cumpram algumas funções de cuidado não são um futuro distante. Neste cenário, temos de nos perguntar se é possível haver máquinas capazes de cuidar a ponto de substituírem completamente o cuidado humano e se essa substituição, em sendo possível, é desejável. Neste artigo, argumento que o cuidado requer saberes-fazeres permeados por afetividade que estão longe de
serem realizados pelas máquinas atualmente disponíveis. Sustento também que a substituição completa do cuidado realizado por humanos por cuidado realizado por máquinas não é desejável porque o cuidado requer conexão humana real.